forming a first slurry by combining an aqueous solution of a zinc oxide precursor and aluminum oxide precursor with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide such that the solids content comprises a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide precursor, said precipitated zinc oxide precursor and said precipitated aluminum oxide precursor being present in an amount, calculated as ZnO, and Al. These attrition-resistant, zinc oxide-based sorbents were prepared by converting a precursor mixture comprising a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide precursor to the two-phase, active zinc oxide-containing component. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present disclosure will be limited only by the appended claims. State and explain whether zinc oxide is a base, an alkali, or both. The process of any of claims 6-16, wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide. Zinc oxide is a base, because it reacts with an acid to form a salt and water. Venditore Affidabilit Top . Preferably the slurry has a solids content (upon drying at 265 F.) of between about 10 and 25 wt % based on the adjusted weight of the slurry, and thus undergoes a loss of water content of between 75 and 90 wt % at 265 F. The green spray dried particles are preferably calcined in an oxygen containing environment to convert the zinc and aluminum hydroxides or carbonates (or mixtures of hydroxides and carbonates) to zinc oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc aluminate in the appropriate composition and size to make the fluidizable, attrition resistant active zinc sorbent. 1. particle shape, diameter, Characterization of reaction between zinc oxide and hydrogen sulfide, Stability of zinc oxide high-temperature desulfurization sorbents for reduction, Zinc oxide-based adsorbents using alkali metal hydroxides and methods for making and using them, Zinc oxide-based adsorbent using alkali metal hydroxide, and its preparation and use process, Zinc oxide-based adsorbents using alkali metal hydroxides, and processes for making and using the same, Zinc oxide based sorbent and process for preparing same, Zinc oxide-based sorbents and processes for preparing and using same, Silicate-resistant desulfurization sorbent, Process for preparing zinc oxide-based sorbents, Improvements in or relating to the treatment of gases containing sulphur, Desulfurizing agent and method for regenerating same, PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CATALYST BASED ON ZINC ALUMINATE AND CATALYST OBTAINED, For from gaseous hydrocarbon remove sulphur compound catalyst composition, manufacture their method and uses thereof, A kind of zinc oxide material and preparation method containing gahnite, Zinc oxide-based sorbents and process for preparing and using same, Composition useful as sulfur absorption for fluid streams, Method for preparing nanometer calcium carbonate slurry by using waste gypsum as calcium sources, products and application, A kind of middle low temperature SCR denitration titanium molybdenum composite powder and preparation method thereof, TiO2 nanotube-supported V2O5 catalysts for selective NO reduction by NH3, NO x removal by selective catalytic reduction with ammonia over hydrotalcite-derived NiTi mixed oxide, Regenerable sorbents for removal of sulfur from hydrocarbons and processes for their preparation and use, Method for preparing adsorption material and method for extracting lithium from salt solution by using adsorption material, Method for preparing modified attapulgite sulfur-transfer additive, Manganese oxide-based and metallomanganese oxide-based ion-exchangers for removing mercury (+2) ions from liquid streams, A kind of preparation method of micron order tin dioxide powder, Protective agent for methanol synthesis catalyst, and preparation method and application thereof, Method for producing oxide using beta-manganese dioxide, Influence of monovalent cations and CuO nanoparticles on X-nanozeolite in uranium anionic species separation from contaminated drinking water, Zinc oxide desulfurizer containing zinc-aluminum spinel, Multiple activation mechanisms of CaO-based sorbents promoted by pre-sintering-hydration, Effect of Metal Components on NO Removal Performance of Modified High-Content Iron Fly Ash, Adsorbent and method for producing the same, Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application. particle size, Other properties, e.g. Each smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the disclosure. No. . Acids would react with alkali solutions, but bases would not. 6,951,635 describes the synthesis and characterization of various zinc-containing substances and the use of these substances for the removal of reduced sulfur species, particularly H, The described active zinc component disclosed by Gangwal et al., is a two-phase material consisting essentially of a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl, These materials remove the reduced sulfur components from a warm gas stream at temperatures as low as 400 F. (204 C.) and at temperatures as high as 1000 F. (538 C.) and thus provide a substantial degree of flexibility allowing removal of undesirable sulfur components from a feed gas in a selected temperature range. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. 5. On adding alkali to acid the pH of the mixture increase. Continue to stir and maintain temperature of the precipitated mixture between 50 and 70 C. for another 30 min. Moreover, the zinc-oxide based sorbents of the disclosure are capable of retaining their high reactivity, and high attrition resistance over a substantial number of absorption-regeneration cycles conducted in accord with preferred sorbent regeneration process embodiments of the disclosure which are carried out at temperatures in the range of between about 1000 F. and about 1500 F. (about 538 C. to about 816 C.), preferably within the range of between about 1000 F. and about 1450 F. (about 538 C. and about 788 C.). Click Start Quiz to begin! Included with the highly-mixed precipitated phases are the soluble alkali metal salts that are formed during the precipitation process. Metal oxides are usually basic and they react with acids to form their respective salts. These qualities gave the disclosed products a better level of chemical reactivity and high-temperature stability of the sorbent when compared to conventionally-prepared zinc aluminate materials. This disclosure relates to zinc-oxide-based sorbents, and to the processes for preparing and using these sorbents. Why bases are called alkali? Crystallite size of the zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and the zinc aluminate (ZnAl. The active zinc component is a two-phase material, consisting essentially of a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols, Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. 6,951,635 discloses that the preferred zinc oxide and alumina precursors were Zn(NO. U.S. Pat. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, Free format text: It is an inorganic compound. The process of any of claims 6-23, wherein the formation of the first slurry is performed at a temperature of ambient to about 85 C. The sulfur contaminants are removed from the zinc oxide-based sorbent primarily as SO. Enjoy learning with a great experience. Zinc oxide based sorbents using alkali metal hydroxides and processes for preparing and using same, Application filed by Research Triangle Institute, Assigned to UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. The oxidation state of zinc in this compound is +2 and for oxygen, it is -2. Although the preparations of zinc oxide-based sorbents as disclosed in U.S. Pat. 21. The process of any of claims 6-8, wherein the active zinc oxide containing sorbent particles comprise zinc oxide grains about 10 nm to about 40 nm diameter. Examples of alkalis include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). They also react with acids to form salt and water. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Even so, we define their concentration using hydroxide ions (OH), not pH. Filter the precipitate using either a pressure filter or a vacuum filter, Wash the precipitate with DI water until the sodium levels are in the desired range. No, not all bases are alkalis. 6,951,635 were successful and generated effective materials for the desulfurization of warm gases, the process for the generation of these sorbents involved the use of an ammonium hydroxide solution to generate and coprecipitate the zinc oxide-based intermediates and aluminum oxide-based intermediates required for the manufacture of the final products. If a base dissolves in water, so we term it an alkali. The base is bitter in taste and is slippery in nature. The process of any of claims 6-7, wherein said zinc oxide constitutes at least about 50 wt% of the total solids content of said zinc oxide precursor and said aluminum oxide precursor in said slurry. However, it will be understood that numerous variations and modifications can be made without departure from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth in the foregoing detailed disclosure and defined in the appended claims. PATENTED CASE, Zinc oxide-based sorbents, and processes for preparing and using them are provided, wherein the sorbents are preferably used to remove one or more reduced sulfur species from gas streams. So, SiO2,GeO2, SnOand PbOare acidic, amphoteric, amphoteric, basic respectively. preparative gas chromatography, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties, Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. The process of any of claims 6-27, wherein the separating of the liquid phase of the first slurry from the solid phase includes a washing process performed at temperatures between about 50C and about 80C. The process of claim 24, wherein the formation of the first slurry is performed at a temperature of about 50C to about 80C. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The calcining step also results in shrinkage of the spray dried particles to an average size distribution within the range of 35 to 175 m. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. These x-rays pass through a 1 divergence slit. Basically, they are both aqueous solutions. 7 Major Differences (Alkali vs Base) Alkali is a basic soluble hydroxide of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. This means that these substances dissolve easily in water. Ans: The bases that are water-soluble are called alkalis. Spray dry the filtered slurry at the above conditions. Ans: The word, free caustic al-kali, is usually defined as free NaOH; while total free alkali includes free caustic al-kali and additional alkaline sub-stances other than soap, mainly sodium carbonate and silicate. RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE, NORTH CAROLINA, Free format text: As this alkali metal is dispersed at the same near-molecular-level as the precipitated precursors, the alkali metal can have a significant impact on sorbent properties and performance even at trace concentrations. It is an amphoteric oxide. What is a free alkali? 5: The fifth difference between alkali and base is the ability to react with water. The composition of coatings was studied using SEM/EDX analysis. For ease of discussion and clarity of disclosure, the sorbent compositions disclosed and discussed hereinafter shall be assumed to be free of promoter and inert components, except where stated to the contrary. It is to be understood that, while the disclosure has been described in conjunction with the detailed description, thereof, the foregoing description is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the disclosure. The process of any of claims 6-8, wherein the active zinc oxide containing sorbent particles comprise zinc oxide grains about 12 nm to about 30 nm diameter. In particular, the zinc-oxide based sorbents of this disclosure have been found capable of reducing the combined H. The zinc-oxide based sorbents are employed in transport reactor systems in preferred process embodiments. 6,951,635. Bases do not dissolve in water. For the sorbents of this disclosure, the alkali metals do not decompose during the calcination process and remain in the sorbent. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. To know differences between other topics in chemistry you can register to BYJUs or download our app for simple and interesting content. According to one aspect, the present invention provides environmentally friendly zinc oxide-based sorbent compositions capable of removing reduced sulfur species, particularly H, The sorbent compositions of the disclosure comprise an active zinc component, optionally in combination with one or more promoter components and/or one or more substantially inert components. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Zinc oxide is insoluble in water. 17. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED -- APPLICATION RECEIVED IN OFFICE OF PUBLICATIONS, Owner name: Zinc Hydroxide is a weak base. The calcining step also was disclosed to result in shrinkage of the spray-dried particles to an average size distribution within the range of 35 to 175 m. Sufficient strong acid is added to the slurry to bring the pH down to less than about 5.0. But Why? Totol dan ratakan produk secara sedikit demi sedikit . Alkalis are able to react with water, whereas bases cannot. More specifically, the disclosure relates to attrition resistant, fluidizable, zinc oxide-based sorbents, and to processes for making and using them. 6,951,635, the zinc oxide-based sorbents can be regenerated upon loss of the sulfur contaminants when the regeneration process is carried out at temperatures in the range of between about 950 F. (about 510 C.) and about 1350 F. (about 704 C.) in the presence of a gas flow comprising oxygen. Types of bases are a strong base and a weak base. For example, zinc oxide acts as an acidic oxide when it reacts with concentrated sodium hydroxide. 14. 12. In a preferred embodiment of the disclosure, the slurry is further treated with sufficient strong acid to reduce the pH to less than 5.0, preferably to 4.0 to 4.5. Zinc oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride and water. density, crush strength, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form, Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating, Thermal treatment, e.g. 4: The fourth difference between alkali and base is that the former has an increased pH level while the latter possesses a decreased pH scale. For example, ammonia has been proven to be more basic than water because it does not contain many hydronium ions even though both molecules possess some hydrogen atoms in their molecular structures due to having polar covalent bonds. In yet another embodiment, the diameter of the sphere in the X-axis is within about 10% of the diameter in the Y-axis or the Z-axis. Typically, the calcining temperature exceeds 300 C., and is preferably a temperature exceeding 500 C., more preferably 600 C. or higher. Alkalis, however, do not seem to change the pH of pure distilled water very much (unless its extremely basic). Zinc oxide (when it is slightly dissoved in water) is a base but ALSO an acid, though very weak. 23. Currently the small crystalline size, two-phase, active zinc component is preferably obtained by employing the sorbent-preparation process identified below. The active zinc component is a two-phase material, consisting essentially of a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl 2 O 4 ) phase. However, in nature, it occurs as the mineral Zincite; a rare mineral. In turn, the final zinc oxide-based sorbent was disclosed to contain a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl, U.S. Pat. The incorporation of super-dispersed polytetrafluoroethylene (SPTFE) into the coating increases . Zinc oxide is a chemical compound having the chemical formula ZnO. Zinc Sulphate is acidic. 19. The process of any of claims 6-22, wherein the pH range of the second slurry is adjusted to be between 4.0 and 4.5. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. As disclosed in U.S. Pat. A strong base and a weak base are two different types of bases. Indias largest k-12 learning app with top-notch teachers from across the nation with excellent teaching skills. Batches of sorbent were produced in-house using the general lab-scale production procedure above. All publications, patents, and patent applications cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. Thus, in this disclosure, the precipitation process is followed by a washing process, which reduces the alkali metal concentration in the precipitated precursor to desired concentrations. As will be apparent to the skilled artisan, other treatments which modify the chemical identity of the oxide precursor(s) may also be applied to the oxide precursors, as long as the modified precursor, (or precursors), is readily convertible to the final oxide product(s) by calcinations. Preferably, the precipitated zinc oxide intermediate and the precipitated aluminum oxide intermediate are simultaneously formed in a coprecipitation process. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite, Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. ); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, CONFIRMATORY LICENSE;ASSIGNOR:RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE;REEL/FRAME:055029/0922, APPLICATION DISPATCHED FROM PREEXAM, NOT YET DOCKETED, DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION, RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER, NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED -- APPLICATION RECEIVED IN OFFICE OF PUBLICATIONS, RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE, NORTH CAROLINA, ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SHEN, JIAN-PING;NORMAN, JASON S.;TURK, BRIAN S.;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20180730 TO 20180911;REEL/FRAME:060521/0769, PUBLICATIONS -- ISSUE FEE PAYMENT RECEIVED, AWAITING TC RESP, ISSUE FEE PAYMENT VERIFIED, PUBLICATIONS -- ISSUE FEE PAYMENT VERIFIED, Zinc oxide-based sorbents using alkali metal hydroxides and processes for preparing and using same, Improvements in or relating to the treatment of gases containing sulphur, Desulfurizing agent and method for regenerating same, PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CATALYST BASED ON ZINC ALUMINATE AND CATALYST OBTAINED, Zinc oxide-based sorbents and processes for preparing and using same, Silicate-resistant desulfurization sorbent, For from gaseous hydrocarbon remove sulphur compound catalyst composition, manufacture their method and uses thereof, A kind of zinc oxide material and preparation method containing gahnite, Zinc oxide-based sorbents and process for preparing and using same, Composition useful as sulfur absorption for fluid streams, A kind of middle low temperature SCR denitration titanium molybdenum composite powder and preparation method thereof, TiO2 nanotube-supported V2O5 catalysts for selective NO reduction by NH3, Method for preparing adsorption material and method for extracting lithium from salt solution by using adsorption material, Method for preparing modified attapulgite sulfur-transfer additive, Manganese oxide-based and metallomanganese oxide-based ion-exchangers for removing mercury (+2) ions from liquid streams, A kind of preparation method of micron order tin dioxide powder, A novel process for comprehensive utilization of vanadium slag, Influence of monovalent cations and CuO nanoparticles on X-nanozeolite in uranium anionic species separation from contaminated drinking water, Multiple activation mechanisms of CaO-based sorbents promoted by pre-sintering-hydration, Layered manganese oxide molded product and manufacturing method thereof, High-temperature flue gas desulfurizer and preparation method thereof, Adsorbent and method for producing the same, Hydrotalcite-phase crystalline compound and process of manufacturing thereof using hydrotalcite former, Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general.

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